It is an industrial sector that extracts oil (including natural oil, shale oil, and natural gas) and refines and processes it. Composed of units involved in oilfield geological exploration, oilfield development, oil extraction, transportation, refining and processing. Petroleum is the "blood" of industry and an important industrial energy source.

The development of the petroleum industry requires the following tasks to be done:

(1) Conduct geological exploration, increase industrial reserves, and determine a reasonable reserve production ratio;

(2) Strengthen scientific and technological research in oil extraction, based on natural conditions and factors such as reserve size and reservoir natural pressure, study and select reasonable extraction techniques and oil well distribution to improve the recovery rate of oil fields;

(3) Strengthen the construction of supporting projects for oilfield development, and choose reasonable transportation methods while developing the oilfield;

(4) Improve the production technology and management level of petroleum refining and processing to ensure the automation and continuity of the production process.